Prove that the additive groups R and Q are not isomorphic

Prove that the additive groups R\mathbb{R} and Q\mathbb{Q} are not isomorphic

Proof. Assume that R\mathbb{R} and Q\mathbb{Q} are isomorphic. Then there exists a mapping
ϕ:QR\begin{align*} \phi: \mathbb{Q} \longrightarrow \mathbb{R} \end{align*}
which is bijective and is a group homomorphism. Let xRx \in \mathbb{R} such that ϕ(2)=x\phi(2) = x and qQq \in \mathbb{Q} such that ϕ(q)=x\phi(q) = \sqrt{x}. Then
ϕ(q)2=ϕ(q2)=x=ϕ(2).\begin{align*} \phi(q)^2 = \phi(q^2) = x = \phi(2). \end{align*}
Since ϕ\phi is injective, we have that q2=2q^2 = 2. So this means that q=2q = \sqrt{2}, which isn’t possible in Q\mathbb{Q}, a contradiction. Therefore, the additive groups R\mathbb{R} and Q\mathbb{Q} are not isomorphic.

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